Electric vehicles (EVs) are becoming increasingly popular, but their performance in extreme temperatures is a concern for many drivers. AAA has conducted extensive testing to determine how well EVs handle heat and cold, and the results are eye-opening. In this article, we'll explore the findings and provide tips for getting the most from your EV battery, year-round.
The Impact of Temperature on EV Batteries
EV batteries are most efficient in temperatures around 65 to 75 degrees Fahrenheit. When the weather gets much colder or hotter than that, the battery works less efficiently and has to work harder to keep the vehicle's cabin comfortable. As a result, EVs can't drive as far or as efficiently in extremely hot or cold weather.
AAA's latest research found that hot temperatures reduced range by an average of 8.5%, while cold weather cut vehicles' range by a whopping 39%. These results are similar to AAA's 2019 study, which found a 17% range loss in hot weather and a 39% loss in cold weather. While the different vehicle lineup complicates direct comparison, the findings suggest some improvements in how EVs handle the heat.
The Challenges of Cold Weather
In colder climates, EVs face a significant challenge when it comes to range. AAA's testing of hybrids found a nearly 23% average loss in fuel economy in 20-degree Fahrenheit conditions. Ed Kim, a chief analyst with the research group AutoPacific, points out that internal combustion engine vehicles also lose range in extreme cold weather, with the EPA estimating a 10% to 30% drop in fuel economy.
Despite the challenges, EVs are becoming increasingly popular in colder parts of the world. Norway, for example, has the highest rate of EV adoption in the world, with 98% of new car sales being pure battery-electric in March 2026. This is despite the fact that Norway is hardly balmy, with cold temperatures and harsh winters.
Tips for Getting the Most from Your EV Battery
While range loss from extreme temperatures is inevitable, EV drivers can prepare for it. Here are some tips to help you get the most from your EV battery, year-round:
- Choose the right vehicle: Some EVs are better than others at handling cold or heat. Research guides can help you find the best EV for your climate.
- Plan ahead: If you don't have a home charger or are going on a long trip, factor range reduction into your plans. Consider charging stations along your route and plan for longer charging times on cold batteries.
- Pre-condition your vehicle: Start your climate control while your vehicle is still plugged in. This means that when you warm up the car's battery and its interior, you pull power from the grid, not your battery, saving your vehicle's juice for your drive.
- Use heated or ventilated seats: Instead of using the air conditioning or heater, use heated or ventilated seats. This can be a big boost, as the AC and heat are a surprisingly big draw on a vehicle's energy.
- Keep your tires inflated: Maintain your tires to the manufacturer-recommended level and drive at moderate speeds. This boosts your vehicle's efficiency no matter the temperature.
In conclusion, while EVs face challenges in extreme temperatures, drivers can prepare for them and get the most from their batteries. By choosing the right vehicle, planning ahead, and using energy-efficient practices, EV drivers can enjoy the benefits of electric driving in any climate.
